Oncology
The poor prognosis of cancer is associated with the ability of tumour cells to metastasize. During the process of metastasis, tumour cells circulating in the blood or lymph vessels can adhere to, and potentially transmigrate through, the endothelium and invade the connective tissue. Most cancer-related deaths are caused by metastasis formation; a process that starts with the dissociation of tumour cells from the primary tumour and is followed by tissue invasion, entrance into blood or lymph vessels (intravasation), and transport to remote sites. It is widely assumed that tumour cells can then escape from the microvasculature (extravasation), invade the target tissue and form a secondary tumour in distant organs. A potentially rate-limiting step in metastasis formation, therefore, would be the extravasation process that involves adhesion of tumour cells to endothelial cells, and the transmigration through the endothelial cell monolayer and basement membrane. Previously, non-physiological conditions using transwell plates were the preferred option for in vitro studies of metastasis. In recent studies of extravasation, researchers are recognizing the importance of shear stress to mimic physiological conditions. The Cellix VenaFluxTM Platform generates a physiological relevant environment, enabling the researcher to model survival in circulation and adhesion to endothelial cell-derived proteins.
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